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Judith d'Évreux († 1076) was a Norman noblewoman and Countess of Sicily. Judith was the daughter of William d'Évreux and Hawise de Giroie, widow of Robert I de Grantmesnil.〔Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 79〕 Her father was the first cousin of William the Conqueror〔John Julius Norwich, ''The Normans in the South 1016–1130'' (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 146〕 and her mother was the daughter of Giroie, Lord of Échauffour, a wealthy Norman baron.〔Orderic stated that her mother had only one daughter by her second marriage to William d'Évreux while several sources claim she had a sister Emma. See ''The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy'', trans. by Thomas Forester, Vol. I (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1853), p. 395; Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln'', II (1984), 79. While Norwich in ''The Normans in the South'' (1981) mentions a sister, he does not name her.〕〔Orderic Vitalis, ''The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy'', trans. Thomas Forester, Vol. I (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1853), pp. 390, 395〕 Her half-brother Robert de Grandmesnil, abbot of the Norman Abbey of Saint-Evroul, was her guardian.〔John Julius Norwich, ''The Normans in the South 1016–1130'' (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), pp. 146–47〕 After quarreling with Duke William in January 1061, Robert fled Normandy with Judith, her brother and sister, to Rome.〔 Eventually he turned to Robert Guiscard, Duke of Calabria, who treated the abbot with great respect and invited him and his monks to settle in Calabria.〔''The Normans in Europe'', ed & trans. Elisabeth van Houts (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000), p. 247〕 The Duke's brother Roger I of Sicily had known Judith from Normandy, and his status and fortunes had now changed considerably.〔 No longer the poor son of a lesser Norman family, when Count Roger heard that Judith was in Calabria he went to meet her.〔 They were married immediately and he took his bride to Mileto where the marriage was celebrated.〔 But Roger soon left Judith in Mileto and returned to his campaigns in Sicily.〔John Julius Norwich, ''The Normans in the South 1016–1130'' (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 147〕 The following summer he joined Judith and brought her with him to Sicily where he and his army of three hundred went to Troina. Leaving Judith in the care of his garrison he continued his campaign.〔John Julius Norwich, ''The Normans in the South 1016–1130'' (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 151〕 Greek residents then attacked his fortifications attempting to take Countess Judith prisoner and ransom her in exchange for the Norman's leaving Troina.〔 The garrison held out until Roger returned and rescued Judith and the troops guarding her.〔 For four more months the Normans fought the Greeks who had now joined forces with the Saracens.〔 Judith shared the hardships with her husband and the Norman troops living in the cold with little food. Finally Roger was able to overcome the Saracens and regain control of Tronia.〔John Julius Norwich, ''The Normans in the South 1016–1130'' (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 153〕 Roger needed to return to the mainland to replenish their horses and supplies and left Judith once again.〔John Julius Norwich, ''The Normans in the South 1016–1130'' (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 156〕 This time Judith took command of the citadel herself until Roger returned.〔 Judith died, still a young woman,〔ohn Julius Norwich, ''The Normans in the South 1016–1130'' (London: Solitaire Books, 1981), p. 278〕 in Sicily in 1076.〔Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 206〕 Judith bore Roger a daughter, who married Hugh of Jarzé († 1076).〔 Other children of Judith were: * Matilda (1062–before 1094), who married firstly (repudiated before 1080) Robert, Count of Eu; married secondly (1080) Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse〔 * Adelisa, wife of Henry, Count of Monte Sant'Angelo〔 * Emma (–aft. 1019), wife of Rudolf, Count of Montescaglioso〔 ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Judith d'Évreux」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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